For athletes, high altitude produces two contradictory effects on performance. For explosive events the reduction in atmospheric pressure means there is less resistance from the atmosphere and
athlete’s performance will generally.

Maxwell’s equations—the foundation of classical electromagnetism—describe light as a wave that moves with a characteristic velocity. The modern view is that light needs no medium of transmission, but Maxwell and his contempora ries were convinced that light waves were propagated in a medium, analogous to sound propagating in air, and ripples propagating on the surface of a pond. This hypothe tical medium was called the luminiferous aether, at rest relative to the “fixed stars” and through which the Earth moves.

Fresnel’s partial ether dragging hypothesis ruled out the measure ment of first-order (v/c) effects, and although observations of second-order effects (v2/c2) were possible.

Maxwell’s equations—the foundation of classical electromagnetism—describe light as a wave that moves with a characteristic velocity. The modern view is that light needs no medium of transmission, but Maxwell and his contempora ries were convinced that light waves were propagated in a medium, analogous to sound propagating in air, and ripples propagating on the surface of a pond. This hypothe tical medium was called the luminiferous aether, at rest relative to the “fixed stars” and through which the Earth moves.